01 -
In a large Dutch oven, heat olive oil and 2 tablespoons butter over medium heat until melted. Add sliced onions, stir to coat, cover, and cook for 20 minutes, stirring every few minutes until onions are translucent.
02 -
Remove lid, stir in sugar and salt, then cook uncovered for 40 minutes, stirring occasionally until onions are deeply golden and sweet.
03 -
Add flour and remaining 1 tablespoon butter to onions, stirring continuously and cooking for 2 to 3 minutes to eliminate raw flour taste.
04 -
Gradually pour 1 cup of beef broth into the pot while stirring to deglaze and lift browned bits from the bottom; cook for 1 minute until liquid evaporates slightly.
05 -
Stir in remaining beef broth, red wine, bay leaves, and thyme sprigs, then bring mixture to a boil.
06 -
Reduce heat to low and simmer uncovered for 30 minutes. Remove and discard bay leaves and thyme sprigs.
07 -
Adjust seasoning with salt and pepper to taste, then stir in cognac.
08 -
Preheat broiler. Lightly brush baguette slices with olive oil and toast under broiler for 30 seconds to 1 minute per side until golden.
09 -
Ladle soup into an ovenproof pot, sprinkle 1 cup Gruyere over the surface, arrange toasted bread slices on top, then layer remaining Gruyere and Parmesan cheeses evenly.
10 -
Bake in a preheated 350°F (177°C) oven for 20 to 25 minutes until cheese is melted and lightly browned. Serve hot.